Background

Row

Dashboards

  • Browser-based dashboards and interactive visualizations are becoming increasingly common and accessible
  • With a relatively shallow learning-curve, an R user can use the flexdashboard, plotly and crosstalk packages to generate interactive dashboards for exploring data and models
  • The concept is demonstrated on the Skeleton page using a simple data-set and linear regression; this can be extended to more complex cases

Note: this document is meant to be a high-level overview of constructing a dashboard using flexdashboard, plotly and crosstalk. This is not a definitive guide to each package nor is this the only approach to constructing a dashboard using R. Please refer to the links provided for more details on how to use the packages highlighted here.

Row

flexdashboard

  • Uses rmarkdown to render a group of related figures, tables and text into a dashboard
  • Layout is flexible and the components automatically re-size to fill the browser and adapt to mobile displays
  • Supports a wide range of components, including base plot, ggplots, gauges, tables and htmlwidgets such as plotly, leaflet and DT
  • Optionally use shiny or crosstalk to bolster interactivity

Source: https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/flexdashboard/

plotly

  • A graphing package that works like other R plots except it produces interactive visualizations
  • The package allows the user to create interactive web graphics from ggplot2 graphs
  • Also provides a more ‘direct’ link to the core plotly.js JavaScript library using syntax inspired by the grammar of graphics

Source: https://plotly-r.com

crosstalk

  • Enables cross-widget interactions by linking brushing and/or filtering across multiple views
  • i.e. Interactions with one plot can affect change in another plot
  • Supports a wide range of htmlwidgets, such as plotly, leaflet and DT

Source: https://rstudio.github.io/crosstalk/

Skeleton

Column

Code

---
title: "flexdashboard + plotly + crosstalk"
output: flexdashboard::flex_dashboard
---

```{r setup, include=FALSE}
library(plotly)
library(crosstalk)
lw <- read.csv("length-weight_data.csv")
shared_lw <- SharedData$new(lw)
```

Column {.tabset}
-------------------------------------

### Length-Weight relationship

```{r}
plot_ly(data = shared_lw) %>% 
    add_markers(x = ~length, y = ~weight, name = "Observed") %>% 
    add_lines(x = ~length, y = ~exp(fit), name = "Predicted")
```

### Residuals vs. fitted values

```{r}
plot_ly(data = shared_lw) %>% 
    add_markers(x = ~fit, y = ~res)
```

This will generate a simple flexdashboard with two interactive figures (duplicated to the right)

Quick start

1. Download code and data

2. Open skeleton.Rmd in Rstudio

3. Install packages: install.packages(c("flexdashboard", "plotly", "crosstalk"))

4. Knit file by typing Ctrl+Shift+K or use the button

Details

This skeleton is a verbatim copy of an R markdown file (`<a href="data:text/x-markdown;base64,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" download="skeleton.Rmd">skeleton.Rmd</a>`{=html}) set-up to produce a simple flexdashboard with interactive plotly visuals connected by crosstalk. Like most R markdown files, it includes three types of content:

  1. A YAML header surrounded by ----
  2. Text following markdown formatting
  3. R code chunks surrounded by ```

The YAML header includes the metadata for the file, such as the document title and output format:

---
title: "flexdashboard + plotly + crosstalk"
output: flexdashboard::flex_dashboard
---

While only a title and format was specified in the skeleton, many other options are available (e.g. author, date).

The next section is a chunk of R code:

```{r setup, include=FALSE} 
library(plotly)
library(crosstalk)
lw <- read.csv("length-weight_data.csv")
shared_lw <- SharedData$new(lw)
```

This is where the plotly and crosstalk packages are loaded along with some sample data (`<a href="data:text/csv;base64,"record","year","month","day","length","weight","fit","res"
1,1980,5,22,41,580,6.399,-0.036
2,1980,5,22,65,2210,7.851,-0.15
3,1980,5,24,20,50,4.139,-0.226
4,1980,11,23,38,630,6.16,0.286
5,1981,4,7,81,5210,8.544,0.014
6,1981,11,21,85,6800,8.696,0.129
7,1982,3,14,48,1030,6.896,0.041
8,1982,3,23,42,630,6.475,-0.03
9,1982,5,7,54,1450,7.267,0.012
10,1982,11,9,90,6880,8.876,-0.04
11,1982,11,22,92,7630,8.945,-0.005
12,1983,3,19,86,5410,8.733,-0.137
13,1983,3,25,71,3810,8.129,0.116
14,1983,7,12,124,16800,9.885,-0.156
15,1983,7,27,53,1240,7.208,-0.085
16,1983,7,27,45,840,6.693,0.041
17,1983,8,1,96,7280,9.079,-0.186
18,1983,10,25,20,60,4.139,-0.044
19,1983,11,5,34,400,5.81,0.182
20,1983,12,3,23,100,4.579,0.026
21,1984,5,19,103,10330,9.301,-0.058
22,1984,8,13,85,4550,8.696,-0.273
23,1984,8,20,97,9580,9.112,0.056
24,1984,11,26,88,5970,8.805,-0.111
25,1985,1,16,34,350,5.81,0.048
26,1985,3,21,71,3300,8.129,-0.027
27,1985,3,23,47,800,6.83,-0.145
28,1985,3,23,38,430,6.16,-0.096
29,1985,3,23,58,1800,7.492,0.004
30,1985,8,20,55,1530,7.325,0.008
31,1985,10,25,48,1060,6.896,0.07
32,1985,10,26,51,1350,7.087,0.121
33,1985,10,26,49,1110,6.961,0.051
34,1985,10,29,40,620,6.322,0.108
35,1985,10,30,107,11390,9.421,-0.08
36,1986,1,18,79,4750,8.465,0.001
37,1986,1,18,59,1870,7.546,-0.012
38,1986,2,12,33,280,5.716,-0.081
39,1986,2,16,73,3430,8.216,-0.076
40,1986,8,24,37,370,6.076,-0.163
41,1986,8,24,37,380,6.076,-0.136
42,1986,11,5,63,2210,7.752,-0.052
43,1986,11,17,75,3940,8.302,-0.023
44,1986,11,29,33,280,5.716,-0.081
45,1987,2,12,55,1560,7.325,0.028
46,1987,6,20,56,1380,7.381,-0.152
47,1987,6,20,23,90,4.579,-0.079
48,1987,8,3,92,6600,8.945,-0.15
49,1987,8,5,32,280,5.619,0.016
50,1987,8,5,66,2720,7.899,0.009
51,1987,10,20,37,400,6.076,-0.085
52,1987,11,1,61,2090,7.651,-0.006
53,1987,11,30,36,450,5.99,0.119
54,1988,2,16,42,640,6.475,-0.014
55,1988,2,20,71,2910,8.129,-0.153
56,1988,10,27,45,720,6.693,-0.113
57,1988,10,27,65,2200,7.851,-0.155
58,1988,11,1,106,13050,9.391,0.085
59,1988,11,6,70,3200,8.084,-0.013
60,1988,11,7,30,250,5.416,0.106
61,1988,11,21,43,780,6.549,0.11
62,1988,11,25,44,860,6.622,0.135
63,1988,12,3,88,6730,8.805,0.009
64,1989,2,22,42,610,6.475,-0.062
65,1989,11,2,40,560,6.322,0.006
66,1989,11,3,69,3690,8.039,0.174
67,1989,11,12,65,3180,7.851,0.214
68,1989,11,15,29,200,5.309,-0.01
69,1989,11,26,17,40,3.627,0.062
70,1989,12,7,43,630,6.549,-0.104
71,1989,12,9,27,180,5.084,0.109
72,1990,2,11,43,640,6.549,-0.088
73,1990,2,19,66,2350,7.899,-0.137
74,1990,3,4,53,1250,7.208,-0.077
75,1990,5,19,78,4480,8.425,-0.018
76,1990,5,19,28,160,5.198,-0.123
77,1990,5,24,77,4830,8.385,0.098
78,1990,5,26,68,3100,7.993,0.046
79,1990,5,28,33,300,5.716,-0.012
80,1990,6,2,76,4320,8.343,0.028
81,1990,8,10,30,220,5.416,-0.022
82,1990,10,19,45,780,6.693,-0.033
83,1990,11,7,56,1580,7.381,-0.016
84,1990,11,11,29,210,5.309,0.038
85,1990,11,17,35,380,5.901,0.039
86,1990,11,17,27,170,5.084,0.052
87,1990,11,23,70,3790,8.084,0.156
88,1990,11,25,18,40,3.807,-0.118
89,1990,11,25,69,2730,8.039,-0.127
90,1990,11,28,29,210,5.309,0.038
91,1990,11,29,27,170,5.084,0.052
92,1990,11,29,41,610,6.399,0.014
93,1990,11,30,55,1680,7.325,0.102
94,1990,12,1,72,3930,8.173,0.103
95,1990,12,7,47,970,6.83,0.048
96,1990,12,7,43,770,6.549,0.097
97,1991,2,8,32,270,5.619,-0.02
98,1991,2,22,70,2730,8.084,-0.172
99,1991,2,22,66,2470,7.899,-0.087
100,1991,3,16,42,580,6.475,-0.112
101,1991,3,16,47,900,6.83,-0.027
102,1991,3,25,42,570,6.475,-0.13
103,1991,3,25,72,3100,8.173,-0.134
104,1991,3,25,41,520,6.399,-0.146
105,1991,3,25,37,440,6.076,0.011
106,1991,5,20,19,50,3.977,-0.065
107,1991,5,22,36,390,5.99,-0.024
108,1991,5,24,51,1050,7.087,-0.13
109,1991,8,6,34,330,5.81,-0.011
110,1991,11,11,42,760,6.475,0.158
111,1991,11,12,41,590,6.399,-0.019
112,1991,11,16,26,130,4.965,-0.097
113,1991,11,16,45,680,6.693,-0.171
114,1991,11,18,49,1100,6.961,0.042
115,1991,11,18,44,790,6.622,0.05
116,1991,11,20,49,1080,6.961,0.024
117,1991,11,26,45,820,6.693,0.017
118,1991,11,28,42,600,6.475,-0.078
119,1991,12,11,45,790,6.693,-0.021
120,1991,12,13,58,1840,7.492,0.026
121,1992,3,1,58,1650,7.492,-0.083
122,1992,4,15,37,420,6.076,-0.036
123,1992,4,23,35,350,5.901,-0.043
124,1992,5,31,52,1150,7.148,-0.101
125,1992,11,7,45,970,6.693,0.185
126,1992,11,9,49,1220,6.961,0.146
127,1992,11,10,62,2860,7.702,0.257
128,1992,11,11,40,530,6.322,-0.049
129,1992,11,26,47,1050,6.83,0.127
130,1992,12,3,50,900,7.025,-0.222
131,1993,2,23,31,260,5.519,0.042
132,1993,2,28,58,1740,7.492,-0.03
133,1993,6,3,40,440,6.322,-0.235
134,1993,6,4,42,520,6.475,-0.222
135,1993,6,4,56,1100,7.381,-0.378
136,1993,8,11,61,1810,7.651,-0.15
137,1993,11,5,34,280,5.81,-0.175
138,1993,11,23,33,310,5.716,0.021
139,1993,12,1,54,1620,7.267,0.123
140,1994,2,28,42,560,6.475,-0.147
141,1994,2,28,40,570,6.322,0.024
142,1994,3,3,34,320,5.81,-0.041
143,1994,5,29,26,140,4.965,-0.023
144,1994,6,5,40,500,6.322,-0.107
145,1995,1,11,39,600,6.242,0.155
146,1995,2,2,22,80,4.439,-0.057
147,1995,7,14,41,610,6.399,0.014
148,1995,8,15,58,1630,7.492,-0.096
149,1995,8,29,63,2260,7.752,-0.029
150,1995,12,5,30,270,5.416,0.183
151,1995,12,6,40,60,6.322,-2.227
152,1995,12,6,27,170,5.084,0.052
153,1995,12,16,15,30,3.232,0.169
154,1996,6,8,53,1340,7.208,-0.008
155,1996,6,20,48,960,6.896,-0.029
156,1996,7,16,63,2650,7.752,0.13
157,1996,7,31,77,4740,8.385,0.079
158,1996,8,6,62,2890,7.702,0.267
159,1996,8,14,57,2050,7.437,0.188
160,1996,8,20,67,3090,7.946,0.09
161,1996,9,18,40,650,6.322,0.155
162,1996,9,18,42,730,6.475,0.118
163,1996,10,31,25,140,4.841,0.1
164,1996,11,9,47,930,6.83,0.006
165,1996,11,10,37,440,6.076,0.011
166,1996,11,10,20,60,4.139,-0.044
167,1996,11,10,16,30,3.436,-0.034
168,1996,11,11,32,280,5.619,0.016
169,1996,11,15,36,380,5.99,-0.05
170,1996,11,15,28,220,5.198,0.195
171,1996,11,16,25,130,4.841,0.026
172,1997,1,25,33,300,5.716,-0.012
173,1997,7,10,56,1440,7.381,-0.109
174,1997,7,23,58,2070,7.492,0.143
175,1997,7,29,33,490,5.716,0.479
176,1997,8,21,50,1080,7.025,-0.04
177,1997,8,23,62,2170,7.702,-0.02
178,1997,8,27,63,2660,7.752,0.134
179,1997,9,8,73,3520,8.216,-0.05
180,1997,9,27,63,2470,7.752,0.06
181,1997,10,7,91,7660,8.911,0.033
182,1997,10,7,38,460,6.16,-0.029
183,1997,11,10,47,860,6.83,-0.073
184,1997,11,11,34,330,5.81,-0.011
185,1997,11,12,39,600,6.242,0.155
186,1997,11,14,48,830,6.896,-0.175
187,1997,12,9,38,480,6.16,0.014
188,1998,6,30,64,2030,7.802,-0.186
189,1998,7,22,44,810,6.622,0.075
190,1998,7,28,73,4280,8.216,0.145
191,1998,8,26,69,3530,8.039,0.13
192,1998,8,27,63,2300,7.752,-0.012
193,1998,10,20,22,80,4.439,-0.057
194,1998,10,22,38,520,6.16,0.094
195,1998,10,31,43,670,6.549,-0.042
196,1998,11,4,50,1210,7.025,0.074
197,1998,11,5,22,100,4.439,0.166
198,1998,11,25,43,670,6.549,-0.042
199,1999,6,16,55,1540,7.325,0.015
200,1999,6,17,85,6150,8.696,0.028
201,1999,6,20,69,3100,8.039,0
202,1999,6,28,31,250,5.519,0.003
203,1999,6,28,32,290,5.619,0.051
204,1999,6,28,67,2280,7.946,-0.214
205,1999,6,29,63,2140,7.752,-0.084
206,1999,7,13,59,2250,7.546,0.173
207,1999,7,22,71,2690,8.129,-0.232
208,1999,11,22,14,20,3.015,-0.019
209,1999,11,23,29,200,5.309,-0.01
210,1999,12,7,44,720,6.622,-0.043
211,2000,6,9,44,640,6.622,-0.16
212,2000,6,27,64,2510,7.802,0.026
213,2000,7,13,44,660,6.622,-0.13
214,2000,8,15,70,3560,8.084,0.093
215,2000,8,22,61,2160,7.651,0.027
216,2000,8,24,57,1780,7.437,0.047
217,2000,8,24,56,2040,7.381,0.239
218,2000,8,31,60,2470,7.599,0.213
219,2000,11,2,44,690,6.622,-0.085
220,2000,11,12,47,810,6.83,-0.133
221,2000,11,19,19,60,3.977,0.117
222,2000,11,22,24,130,4.713,0.155
223,2000,11,23,60,1800,7.599,-0.103
224,2000,11,30,41,570,6.399,-0.054
225,2000,12,6,31,250,5.519,0.003
226,2000,12,9,12,10,2.53,-0.227
227,2000,12,10,21,60,4.292,-0.198
228,2001,6,18,29,190,5.309,-0.062
229,2001,6,19,23,90,4.579,-0.079
230,2001,7,4,45,940,6.693,0.153
231,2001,7,10,57,1870,7.437,0.096
232,2001,7,31,79,4350,8.465,-0.087
233,2001,8,1,62,1910,7.702,-0.147
234,2001,9,5,67,2650,7.946,-0.064
235,2001,11,25,36,370,5.99,-0.076
236,2001,11,26,41,620,6.399,0.03
237,2001,12,1,33,350,5.716,0.142
238,2001,12,1,37,480,6.076,0.098
239,2001,12,2,39,520,6.242,0.012
240,2001,12,4,47,960,6.83,0.037
241,2001,12,6,18,40,3.807,-0.118
242,2001,12,7,29,200,5.309,-0.01
243,2001,12,7,38,440,6.16,-0.073
244,2001,12,7,53,1160,7.208,-0.152
245,2001,12,11,32,260,5.619,-0.058
246,2001,12,13,16,30,3.436,-0.034
247,2002,3,20,78,4630,8.425,0.015
248,2002,5,23,66,2550,7.899,-0.055
249,2002,6,7,41,550,6.399,-0.09
250,2002,6,7,28,160,5.198,-0.123
251,2002,7,31,65,2780,7.851,0.079
252,2002,8,6,68,2980,7.993,0.007
253,2002,8,7,75,3880,8.302,-0.038
254,2002,8,7,66,2190,7.899,-0.207
255,2002,8,27,58,2120,7.492,0.167
256,2002,8,28,70,3070,8.084,-0.055
257,2002,9,11,76,4520,8.343,0.073
258,2002,10,30,47,960,6.83,0.037
259,2002,11,2,57,1760,7.437,0.036
260,2002,11,17,17,40,3.627,0.062
261,2002,12,2,35,340,5.901,-0.072
262,2002,12,2,38,480,6.16,0.014
263,2003,1,5,35,400,5.901,0.09
264,2003,1,6,55,1390,7.325,-0.088
265,2003,1,7,33,320,5.716,0.053
266,2003,4,10,77,4910,8.385,0.115
267,2003,4,10,61,2000,7.651,-0.05
268,2003,5,2,67,2950,7.946,0.043
269,2003,6,8,51,1080,7.087,-0.102
270,2003,7,24,86,5610,8.733,-0.1
271,2003,8,27,64,2570,7.802,0.05
272,2003,8,29,60,2200,7.599,0.097
273,2003,9,9,45,870,6.693,0.076
274,2003,9,9,45,720,6.693,-0.113
275,2003,9,17,62,2550,7.702,0.142
276,2003,11,27,46,890,6.762,0.029
277,2003,12,9,39,500,6.242,-0.027
278,2003,12,11,18,40,3.807,-0.118
279,2003,12,16,41,620,6.399,0.03
280,2004,1,11,14,20,3.015,-0.019
281,2004,1,13,37,440,6.076,0.011
282,2004,1,24,16,30,3.436,-0.034
283,2004,1,29,40,480,6.322,-0.148
284,2004,6,13,19,50,3.977,-0.065
285,2004,6,22,61,2420,7.651,0.141
286,2004,7,28,58,2000,7.492,0.109
287,2004,8,4,61,2250,7.651,0.068
288,2004,8,17,59,2360,7.546,0.221
289,2004,10,28,24,140,4.713,0.229
290,2004,11,11,33,320,5.716,0.053
291,2004,11,17,47,1070,6.83,0.146
292,2004,12,7,17,40,3.627,0.062
293,2004,12,9,36,440,5.99,0.097
294,2004,12,12,19,50,3.977,-0.065
295,2004,12,13,36,430,5.99,0.074
296,2005,6,23,24,120,4.713,0.075
297,2005,6,28,26,160,4.965,0.11
298,2005,7,2,61,1880,7.651,-0.112
299,2005,7,4,71,3460,8.129,0.02
300,2005,7,20,36,510,5.99,0.245
301,2005,7,20,37,470,6.076,0.077
302,2005,7,27,75,3410,8.302,-0.167
303,2005,11,3,38,560,6.16,0.168
304,2005,11,9,26,150,4.965,0.046
305,2005,11,24,35,380,5.901,0.039
306,2005,11,27,43,780,6.549,0.11
307,2005,11,29,26,150,4.965,0.046
308,2005,12,14,15,30,3.232,0.169
309,2006,1,8,46,930,6.762,0.073
310,2006,5,26,46,800,6.762,-0.077
311,2006,6,22,13,10,2.782,-0.479
312,2006,6,22,27,180,5.084,0.109
313,2006,7,11,68,2920,7.993,-0.014
314,2006,7,20,59,2080,7.546,0.094
315,2006,8,2,55,1840,7.325,0.193
316,2006,8,7,60,2090,7.599,0.046
317,2006,8,9,48,960,6.896,-0.029
318,2006,8,21,54,1450,7.267,0.012
319,2006,9,6,38,570,6.16,0.185
320,2006,9,13,49,1140,6.961,0.078
321,2006,11,6,29,210,5.309,0.038
322,2006,11,9,44,660,6.622,-0.13
323,2006,11,15,56,1510,7.381,-0.062
324,2006,11,17,50,1140,7.025,0.014
325,2006,12,3,15,20,3.232,-0.237
326,2006,12,9,15,30,3.232,0.169
327,2007,3,2,54,1600,7.267,0.111
328,2007,7,13,56,1850,7.381,0.141
329,2007,7,13,54,1590,7.267,0.105
330,2007,7,23,45,680,6.693,-0.171
331,2007,7,23,57,1870,7.437,0.096
332,2007,11,3,19,50,3.977,-0.065
333,2007,11,18,29,230,5.309,0.129
334,2007,11,23,20,70,4.139,0.11
335,2007,11,28,80,4910,8.505,-0.006
336,2007,11,30,19,60,3.977,0.117
337,2007,11,30,25,140,4.841,0.1
338,2007,11,30,22,90,4.439,0.061
339,2007,12,8,54,1440,7.267,0.005
340,2007,12,8,41,600,6.399,-0.003
341,2007,12,8,47,1030,6.83,0.108
342,2007,12,11,53,1420,7.208,0.05
343,2007,12,15,63,2430,7.752,0.043
344,2007,12,16,64,2740,7.802,0.114
345,2007,12,16,37,440,6.076,0.011
346,2008,3,1,32,300,5.619,0.085
347,2008,3,3,52,1260,7.148,-0.009
348,2008,3,3,40,600,6.322,0.075
349,2008,3,6,42,630,6.475,-0.03
350,2008,6,4,26,150,4.965,0.046
351,2008,7,2,58,1820,7.492,0.015
352,2008,7,10,58,2030,7.492,0.124
353,2008,7,10,56,1650,7.381,0.027
354,2008,7,28,78,4600,8.425,0.009
355,2008,7,29,66,2640,7.899,-0.02
356,2008,11,11,17,30,3.627,-0.225
357,2008,11,21,25,140,4.841,0.1
358,2008,11,26,71,3470,8.129,0.023
359,2008,12,7,23,110,4.579,0.122
360,2009,7,10,70,2660,8.084,-0.198
361,2009,7,21,62,2400,7.702,0.081
362,2009,7,21,78,3790,8.425,-0.185
363,2009,11,26,20,60,4.139,-0.044
364,2009,12,12,84,5790,8.659,0.005
365,2009,12,12,72,3110,8.173,-0.131
366,2010,6,11,38,440,6.16,-0.073
367,2010,6,17,25,150,4.841,0.169
368,2010,6,22,29,190,5.309,-0.062
369,2010,6,23,26,140,4.965,-0.023
370,2010,7,13,67,2290,7.946,-0.21
371,2010,7,28,55,1630,7.325,0.072
372,2010,8,2,77,3570,8.385,-0.204
373,2010,11,6,52,1180,7.148,-0.075
374,2010,11,18,31,290,5.519,0.151
375,2010,11,21,19,60,3.977,0.117
376,2010,11,25,28,190,5.198,0.049
377,2010,11,26,63,2210,7.752,-0.052
378,2010,11,28,50,1140,7.025,0.014
379,2010,11,28,56,1640,7.381,0.021
380,2010,11,28,32,330,5.619,0.18
381,2010,12,5,30,220,5.416,-0.022
382,2010,12,5,73,3380,8.216,-0.091
383,2010,12,5,63,2760,7.752,0.171
384,2010,12,16,41,570,6.399,-0.054
385,2010,12,19,18,50,3.807,0.105
386,2011,6,8,48,890,6.896,-0.105
387,2011,6,9,30,230,5.416,0.022
388,2011,6,20,62,1980,7.702,-0.111
389,2011,6,21,47,960,6.83,0.037
390,2011,6,22,46,880,6.762,0.018
391,2011,7,12,60,2100,7.599,0.051
392,2011,7,14,78,4270,8.425,-0.066
393,2011,7,27,65,2500,7.851,-0.027
394,2011,8,18,71,3170,8.129,-0.068
395,2011,9,13,61,2260,7.651,0.072
396,2011,11,18,68,3220,7.993,0.084
397,2011,12,8,27,170,5.084,0.052
398,2011,12,11,70,3350,8.084,0.032
399,2012,6,8,46,830,6.762,-0.04
400,2012,6,16,25,160,4.841,0.234
401,2012,7,11,55,1260,7.325,-0.186
402,2012,7,24,52,1720,7.148,0.302
403,2012,11,5,44,840,6.622,0.111
404,2012,11,6,37,460,6.076,0.055
405,2012,11,7,20,60,4.139,-0.044
406,2012,11,17,36,430,5.99,0.074
407,2012,11,19,37,530,6.076,0.197
408,2012,11,22,48,1000,6.896,0.012
409,2012,11,26,52,1270,7.148,-0.001
410,2012,11,29,47,980,6.83,0.058
411,2012,12,2,53,1400,7.208,0.036
412,2012,12,3,95,9790,9.046,0.143
413,2012,12,5,23,90,4.579,-0.079
414,2012,12,15,64,2500,7.802,0.022
415,2012,12,20,67,3110,7.946,0.096
416,2013,6,16,19,50,3.977,-0.065
417,2013,6,17,58,1800,7.492,0.004
418,2013,6,19,47,920,6.83,-0.005
419,2013,6,20,92,9160,8.945,0.177
420,2013,7,23,57,1910,7.437,0.118
421,2013,7,30,87,5460,8.769,-0.164
422,2013,8,16,74,4380,8.259,0.125
423,2013,8,19,60,2010,7.599,0.007
424,2013,10,23,54,1420,7.267,-0.009
425,2013,10,26,42,620,6.475,-0.046
426,2013,11,1,58,1770,7.492,-0.013
427,2013,11,11,73,2950,8.216,-0.227
428,2013,11,18,58,1750,7.492,-0.025
429,2013,11,19,55,1680,7.325,0.102
430,2013,11,25,18,40,3.807,-0.118
431,2013,11,27,72,3450,8.173,-0.027
432,2013,11,27,44,750,6.622,-0.002
433,2014,6,9,18,40,3.807,-0.118
434,2014,6,18,30,220,5.416,-0.022
435,2014,7,14,67,3290,7.946,0.152
436,2014,7,16,67,2710,7.946,-0.042
437,2014,8,17,78,3450,8.425,-0.279
438,2014,8,20,63,2280,7.752,-0.021
439,2014,9,9,64,2450,7.802,0.002
440,2014,10,30,51,1260,7.087,0.052
441,2014,11,14,50,1170,7.025,0.04
442,2014,11,15,52,1460,7.148,0.138
443,2014,11,21,16,30,3.436,-0.034
444,2014,11,28,62,1970,7.702,-0.116
445,2014,11,29,78,5730,8.425,0.228
446,2014,12,7,52,1160,7.148,-0.092
447,2015,1,9,43,720,6.549,0.03
448,2015,10,10,36,440,5.99,0.097
449,2015,10,30,36,420,5.99,0.05
450,2015,11,2,64,2370,7.802,-0.031
451,2015,11,5,27,150,5.084,-0.073
452,2015,11,6,48,1020,6.896,0.032
453,2015,11,13,95,9850,9.046,0.149
454,2015,11,13,30,220,5.416,-0.022
455,2015,11,17,58,1980,7.492,0.099
456,2015,11,18,74,4370,8.259,0.123
457,2015,11,21,33,300,5.716,-0.012
458,2015,11,23,44,660,6.622,-0.13
459,2015,11,28,32,230,5.619,-0.181
460,2015,11,30,73,4430,8.216,0.18
461,2015,12,9,23,100,4.579,0.026
462,2015,12,10,67,2560,7.946,-0.099
463,2016,5,9,12,10,2.53,-0.227
464,2016,5,19,21,80,4.292,0.09
465,2016,6,4,16,30,3.436,-0.034
466,2016,6,10,64,2260,7.802,-0.079
467,2016,6,11,28,170,5.198,-0.062
468,2016,10,28,49,990,6.961,-0.063
469,2016,11,14,30,290,5.416,0.254
470,2016,11,15,16,30,3.436,-0.034
471,2016,11,18,37,450,6.076,0.033
472,2016,11,21,46,800,6.762,-0.077
473,2016,11,26,33,310,5.716,0.021
474,2016,11,30,72,3550,8.173,0.002
475,2016,12,2,31,210,5.519,-0.172
476,2016,12,5,58,1900,7.492,0.058
477,2016,12,11,37,420,6.076,-0.036
478,2016,12,14,80,4090,8.505,-0.189
479,2017,10,27,36,450,5.99,0.119
480,2017,11,2,39,550,6.242,0.068
481,2017,11,3,38,440,6.16,-0.073
482,2017,11,9,50,1100,7.025,-0.021
483,2017,11,10,55,1800,7.325,0.171
484,2017,11,10,52,1320,7.148,0.037
485,2017,11,12,19,60,3.977,0.117
486,2017,11,14,52,1510,7.148,0.172
487,2017,11,14,65,2790,7.851,0.083
488,2017,11,14,44,810,6.622,0.075
489,2017,11,18,63,2130,7.752,-0.089
490,2017,11,25,28,170,5.198,-0.062
491,2017,11,25,40,560,6.322,0.006
492,2018,10,7,42,880,6.475,0.305
493,2018,10,29,44,720,6.622,-0.043
494,2018,11,1,22,80,4.439,-0.057
495,2018,11,3,63,2290,7.752,-0.016
496,2018,11,10,25,130,4.841,0.026
497,2018,12,1,62,1870,7.702,-0.168
498,2018,12,11,51,1220,7.087,0.02
499,2018,12,15,47,910,6.83,-0.016
500,2018,12,15,69,3180,8.039,0.026
" download="length-weight_data.csv">length-weight_data.csv</a>`{=html}). The sample data includes length and weight data (columns length and weight, respectively) along with fitted values and residuals from a length-weight regression (columns called fit and res, respectively). The SharedData function from crosstalk package is also used here to generate a data object that can be “shared” across independent plots.

Following this chunk of R code is a level 2 markdown header that tells flexdashboard to introduce a column break and place the subsequent components into separate tabs:

Column {.tabset}
-------------------------------------

Following this break, independent tabs are defined using three hashtags followed by an optional tab name (level 3 markdown header). This header can be followed by either markdown text or R code. Here, two tabs are generated with plotly plots using shared data from crosstalk:

### Length-Weight relationship

```{r} 
plot_ly(data = shared_lw) %>% 
    add_markers(x = ~length, y = ~weight, name = "Observed") %>% 
    add_lines(x = ~length, y = ~exp(fit), name = "Predicted")
```

### Residuals vs. fitted values

```{r} 
plot_ly(data = shared_lw) %>% 
    add_markers(x = ~fit, y = ~res)
```

The native syntax of plotly was inspired by the grammar of graphics and, as such, its general structure will be familiar to those who have used ggplot2. The package has also been structured to be pipe (%>%) and dplyr friendly, making the code more intuitive and efficient. Though the script ends with the residual vs. fitted plot, the dashboard can easily be extended to include other diagnostic plots, such as a histogram of the residuals.

Once this script is “Knit” (Ctrl+Shift+K in Rstudio), a stand-alone html document will be produced with the plots rendered into independent tabs (shown to the right). Clicking a specific point in one plot will highlight the corresponding point in the other plot. In short, flexdashboard sets up the structure of the document, plotly produces the interactive figures and crosstalk connects the plots held in independent tabs.

Of course, this is only a rudimentary overview of what is possible with flexdashboard, plotly and crosstalk. A wide range of layout options are possible using flexdashboard, plotly can produce more than just scatter and line plots and crosstalk can connect various widgets. See the links provided on the Background page for more details on each package. The hope here is that this skeleton serves as a starting point from which to build more elaborate dashboards tailored to specific needs.

Column

Length-Weight relationship

Residuals vs. fitted values

rmarkdown

Row

R markdown

The package rmarkdown enables the writing of markdown text and R code in the same document (extension .Rmd). Most R markdown files includes three types of content:

  1. A YAML header surrounded by ----
  2. Text following markdown formatting
  3. R code chunks surrounded by ```

Row

YAML

The first step in setting up an R markdown file is to define a YAML header. In the skeleton, it looks like this:

---
title: "flexdashboard + plotly + crosstalk"
output: flexdashboard::flex_dashboard
---

This is where the output type is defined along with other items such as title, author, date, etc. A flex_dashboard is requested here. There are are growing number of output types supported by R markdown (e.g. html_document, pdf_document, word_document).

Markdown

Next, write plain text using markdown syntax to describe how to format the text in the final document.

  • Plain text simply translates to Plain text in the default font of the output document.
  • Italics and bold are specified using asterisk and/or underscores:
    • *italic* or _italic_ \(\rightarrow\) italic
    • **bold** or __bold__ \(\rightarrow\) bold
    • **_bold-italic_** \(\rightarrow\) bold-italic
  • Equations can be specified using LaTeX syntax:
    • $W = \alpha L ^{\beta}$ \(\rightarrow\) \(W = \alpha L ^{\beta}\)
  • Ordered and unordered lists are generated using numbers and dashes or asterisk, respectively:
    • 1. ordered item 1 \(\rightarrow\) 1.   ordered item 1
    • - unordered item \(\rightarrow\) •   unordered item
  • Headers are define using hashtags:
    • ##### Header 5 \(\rightarrow\)
      Header 5
    • Note that markdown headers with three hashtags or less have specific formatting functions in flexdashboard

R

Finally, mix in R code by surrounding chunks of code using one backtick for inline code (e.g.`r 1+1` will print 2 in the output) or three backticks to run several lines of code and/or display a table or plot. The chunk below will print the top three rows of the cars data-set:

```{r} 
head_cars <- head(cars, 3)
head_cars
```

Resulting in the following output:

  speed dist
1     4    2
2     4   10
3     7    4

flexdashboard

Row

flexdashboard

The flexdashboard package can be used to render groups of related text, figures and tables into a dashboard. Using a combination of markdown syntax and R code (i.e. R markdown), this package facilitates a wide range of layout options and each component can include output from packages such as plotly, leaflet, ggplot2, and so on. The package also integrates nicely with shiny and crosstalk, providing options for increasing the interactivity of the dashboard. Some layout and component options are highlighted below.

Row

Layout

Individual charts are defined using markdown’s level 3 header (### Chart title) and they are, by default, stacked vertically within columns defined using markdown’s level 2 header (---------). The code below will create a flexdashboard with two stacked columns and three charts:

---
title: "Layout example 1"
output: flexdashboard::flex_dashboard
---

Column
-------------------------------------

### Chart 1


Column
-------------------------------------

### Chart 2


### Chart 3

The output from this example has been duplicated here.

Alternatively, charts can be organized by row by modifying the YAML header:

---
title: "Layout example 2"
output: 
  flexdashboard::flex_dashboard:
    orientation: rows
---

Row
-------------------------------------

### Chart 1


Row
-------------------------------------

### Chart 2


### Chart 3

The output from this example has been duplicated here.

Also note that multiple pages can be generated using markdown’s level 1 header:

---
title: "Layout example 1"
output: flexdashboard::flex_dashboard
---

Page 1
====================================

Column
-------------------------------------

### Chart 1


Page 2
====================================

Column
-------------------------------------

### Chart 2


### Chart 3

Components

The components of a dashboard can hold a wide range of outputs. The code below generates a mixture of tabular and graphical output. The table is generated following markdown syntax with inline R code and the interactive plot is generated using plotly.

---
title: "Components example"
output: flexdashboard::flex_dashboard
---

Column {data-width=300}
-------------------------------------

### Table  

Summary statistics of the `volcano` data-set

| Statistic     | Elevation                   |
|:------------- |:--------------------------- |
| Min           | `r min(volcano)`            | 
| Median        | `r median(volcano)`         |
| Mean          | `r round(mean(volcano))`    |
| Max           | `r max(volcano)`            |


Column {data-width=700}
-------------------------------------

### Plot

```{r} 
plotly::plot_ly(z = volcano, type = "surface")
```

The output from this example has been duplicated here. Note the use of the data-width attribute to make the table chart relatively narrow.

plotly

Column

plotly

There are two ways to produce interactive graphics using plotly:

  1. Using the function ggplotly to convert plots from ggplot to plotly objects
  2. Using the native syntax of the plotly package

Both options follow the layered grammar of graphics, which is a generic tool for concisely describing the components of a graphic, such as the:

  • Data and mappings (aesthetics)
  • Geometric objects (points, lines, polygons)
  • Scales (color, size, shape, axes)

Column

ggplotly

Using the ggplotly function, a user can construct a plot using ggplot2 and supply the plot object to ggplotly to convert it to an interactive plotly graphic:

library(ggplot2)
p <- ggplot(data = iris, 
            mapping = aes(x = Sepal.Length, 
                          y = Petal.Length, 
                          color = Species)) +
  geom_point() +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis::viridis(3))
plotly::ggplotly(p)

Data and mapping

Here, the ggplot function is used to set-up the base layer of the plot as well as the aesthetics. That is, iris data are supplied to the function and specific columns in the iris data-set are mapped to x, y and color aesthetics.

Geometric objects

Next points are added using the geom_point function. Many other geometries can be used to visually represent the data, such as lines (geom_line), bars (geom_bar), text (geom_text).

Scales

Finally, colors were modified using scale_color_manual. While the colors are manually defined here, ggplot2 includes built in color scales such as scale_color_grey. Scales used for the x and y aesthetics can also be modified using functions such as scale_x_log10.

Output

Column

plot_ly

Using functions from the plotly package, plotly plots can be directly created using syntax similar to ggplot2:

library(plotly)
plot_ly(data = iris, 
        x = ~Sepal.Length, 
        y = ~Petal.Length, 
        color = ~Species,
        colors = viridis::viridis(3)) %>% 
  add_markers()

Data and mapping

The plot_ly function is analogous to the ggplot function from ggplot2 and, like ggplot, this function sets-up the base layer of the plot. Again, the iris data is supplied and specific columns are mapped to x, y and color aesthetics.

Geometric objects

Under plotly, geometries are added using functions with the add_ prefix rather that the geom_ prefix of used in ggplot2. Points are added here using add_markers and, like ggplot2, several other geometries can be specified, such as lines (add_lines), bars (add_bars), text (add_text).

Scales

Unlike ggplot2, scales are not modified using specific functions with a scale_ prefix, rather, scales are specified in the plot_ly function call itself or via the layout function. Here, colors are specified using the colors argument in the plot_ly function.

Output

crosstalk

Column

crosstalk

The crosstalk package enables HTML widgets, such as plotly and leaflet, to communicate with each other without shiny. As such, self-contained html files with similar behaviour to shiny applications can be built using crosstalk.

A first step to using crosstalk is to set-up a shared data-set using the SharedData function:

library(crosstalk)
sub_quakes <- subset(quakes, stations %in% c(10, 20, 50, 100))
shared_quakes <- SharedData$new(sub_quakes)

The quakes data is used for this example. As shown to the right using leaflet and plotly, HTML widgets using this shared data will be linked and selections in one plot will affect the other plot.

The crosstalk package also includes a series of functions for filtering the shared data (filter_checkbox, filter_slider and filter_select). When used in a flexdashboard, and other interactive contexts, the following lines of code will produce the check-box, slider and drop-down filters shown below.

filter_checkbox("stations", "Stations", shared_quakes, 
                ~stations, inline = TRUE)
filter_slider("depth", "Depth", shared_quakes, ~depth)
filter_select("mag", "Magnitude", shared_quakes, 
              ~cut(mag, breaks = seq(1, 10, 0.5), right = FALSE))

Column

leaflet

plotly